Implikasi Metode Tarjih dalam Menyikapi Hadis-Hadis Kontradiktif
Abstract
In the course of their development, scholars frequently encounter Hadiths of Prophet Muhammad SAW that appear contradictory or exhibit differences in opinion (ikhtilaf), complicating their utilization as arguments or evidence. To address this challenge, scholars have devised various methodologies, with tarjih emerging as the principal solution for resolving these discrepancies. This research aims to answer two main questions: 1) What are the principles involved in the tarjih process of Hadiths? and 2) How is the tarjih method applied to Hadiths deemed contradictory? Utilizing a literature review approach, this study collects and analyzes relevant data. It identifies seven primary principles in the tarjih of contradictory Hadiths, encompassing the investigation of narrators' conditions, the age of narration, the methodology of narration, the timing of narration, the phrasing of the Hadith, the legal content, and external factors. These findings offer new perspectives in Hadith studies, particularly in addressing disagreements related to Hadiths.
ABSTRAK
Dalam pengembangannya, para ulama sering kali menemukan hadis-hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW yang tampak kontradiktif atau mengalami perbedaan pendapat (ikhtilaf), yang menyulitkan penggunaannya sebagai argumen atau hujjah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, ulama telah merumuskan berbagai metode, dengan tarjih menjadi solusi utama dalam menyelesaikan ikhtilaf tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan utama: 1) apa saja prinsip-prinsip dalam proses tarjih hadis, dan 2) bagaimana penerapan metode tarjih pada hadis-hadis yang dianggap kontradiktif. Melalui metode kepustakaan, penelitian ini mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data terkait. Hasilnya, ditemukan tujuh prinsip utama dalam tarjih hadis yang kontradiktif, meliputi penelusuran keadaan perawi, usia periwayatan, metode periwayatan, waktu periwayatan, redaksi hadis, kandungan hukum, dan faktor eksternal. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan baru dalam studi hadis, khususnya dalam menyelesaikan perbedaan pendapat terkait hadis.
References
Abdurrahman, Asjmuni, Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah: Metodelogi Dan Aplikasi (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2014)
Al-Indunisi, Ahmad Nahrawi Abdus-Salam, Ensiklopedia Imam Syafi’I (Jakarta: PT Mizan Publika, 2008)
Al-Syaukani, Muhammad, Irsyad Al-Fuhul Ila Tahqiq Al-Haq Min ‘Ilmi Al-Ushul. (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr)
Bay, Kaizal, ‘Metode Penyelesaian Hadis-Hadis Mukhtalif Menurut Al-Syafi’i’, Jurnal Ushuluddin, xvii.2 (2011), 183–201
Hassan, Abdul Qadir, Ushul Fiqh (Bangil: Yayasan al-Muslimun, 1992)
Khairuddin, ‘Metode Penyelesaian Hadits Mukhtalif (Kajian Ta’arudh Al-Adillah)’, Substantia, 12.1 (2010)
M. Idris, ‘Konsep Tarjih Dalam Ilmu Ushul Fiqih’, Al-’Adl, 1.1 (2008), 1–9
Montifani, Renanda Rezad dan Ridho Arifullah, ‘Konsepsi Hadith Mukhtalif Dan Metode Penyelesaiannya Di Kalangan Ulama Fiqh’, El-Furqania, 08 (2021)
Rahman, Fatchur, Ikhtisar Mushthalahul Hadits (Bandung: PT Alma’arif, 1974)
Safri, Edi, Imam Syafi’i: Metode Penyelesaian Hadis-Hadis Mukhtalif (Jakarta, 2010)
Syamilah, Maktabah, Irsyadul Fuhul Ila Tahqiqil Haq Min ’ilmu Ushul, Juz 2
Syamsyuddin, M. Chalis, Penetapan Hukum Berdasarkan Hadis Mukhtalif Perspektif Imam Syafi’i (Banda Aceh: Pascasarjana UIN Ar-raniry, 2020)
Trigiyatno, Ali, Perbandingan Madzab: Mengenal Madzhab, Imam Madzhab Dan Perbandingan Madzhab Dalam Fiqh (Pekalongan: STAIN Pekalongan Press, 2005)
Wafaa, Muhammad, Metode Tarjih Atas Kontradiksi Dalil-Dalil Syara’ (Jatim: Al-Izzah, 2001)
Winarno, ‘Kaidah Tarjih’, Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 22.1 (2010), 42–57
Copyright (c) 2023 Nuraini Mannan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
.png)
